Extinctions: How Life Survives, Adapts and Evolves - Michael J. Benton
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A journey through the great mass extinction events that have shaped our Earth. This timely and original book lays out the latest scientific understanding of mass extinction on our planet. Cutting-edge techniques across biology, chemistry, physics, and geology have transformed our understanding of the deep past, including the discovery of a previously unknown mass extinction. This compelling evidence, revealing a series of environmental crises resulting in the near collapse of life on Earth, illuminates our current dilemmas in exquisite detail. Beginning with the oldest, Professor Michael J. Benton takes us through the “big five” die the Late Ordovician, which set the evolution of the first animals on an entirely new course; the Late Devonian, apparently brought on by global warming; the cataclysmic End-Permian, also known as the Great Dying, which wiped out over 90 percent of alllife on Earth; the newly discovered Carnian Pluvial Event; and the End-Cretaceous asteroid. He examines how global warming, acid rain, ocean acidification, erupting volcanoes, and meteorite impact have affected conditions on Earth, and how life survived, adapted, and evolved. Benton’s expert retelling of scientific breakthroughs in paleobiology is illustrated throughout with photographs of fossils and fieldwork, and artistic reconstructions of ancient environments. In Extinctions , readers will learn about revolutionary new tools used to uncover ancient extinction events and processes in forensic detail, and how scientists are improving our understanding of the deep past. New research allows us to link long-ago upheavals to crises in our current age, the Anthropocene, with important consequences for us all.
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This post has 6 comments with rating of 5/5
October 24th, 2023
Thx again, Mojo, u beauty.
Volcanoes are total blaggards, & they know it.
October 25th, 2023
the “big five”
In spite of the fact there was 2 new mass extinctions named with published research within the last 5 years I do not see a mention in the blurb. The new ones make it the big 7 with the current industrial human caused one # 8.
Another one was announced in May 2023. It’s way back which makes it the first known mass extinction. I can see why that would not make the book, but not #6 & #7
‘
Of the newly discovered ones #6 is most interesting and scary when you make the connection.
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**Newly discovered mass extinction event triggered the dawn of the dinosaurs - Sept 16 2020**
“Huge volcanic eruptions 233 million years ago pumped carbon dioxide, methane and water vapour into the atmosphere. This series of violent explosions, on what we now know as the west coast of Canada, led to massive global warming. Our new research has revealed that this was a planet-changing mass extinction event that killed off many of the dominant tetrapods and heralded the dawn of the dinosaurs.
The best known mass extinction happened at the end of the Cretaceous period, 66 million years ago. This is when dinosaurs, pterosaurs, marine reptiles and ammonites all died out. This event was caused primarily by the impact of a giant asteroid that blacked out the light of the sun and caused darkness and freezing, followed by other massive perturbations of the oceans and atmosphere.
Geologists and palaeontologists agree on a roster of five such events, of which the end-Cretaceous mass extinction was the last. So our new discovery of a previously unknown mass extinction might seem unexpected. And yet this event, termed the Carnian Pluvial Episode (CPE), seems to have killed as many species as the giant asteroid did. Ecosystems on land and sea were profoundly changed, as the planet got warmer and drier.”
.
https://theconversation.com/newly-discovered-mass-extinction-event-triggered-the-dawn-of-the-dinosaurs-146248
October 25th, 2023
Michael J. Benton FRS is Professor of Vertebrate Palaeontology at the University of Bristol. He is particularly interested in early reptiles, Triassic dinosaurs, and macroevolution, and has published over 50 books and 300 scientific articles. He leads one of the most successful palaeontology research groups at the University of Bristol, and has supervised over 60 PhD students.
https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/123001257
October 25th, 2023
bloodhound99, thanks for pointing out my mistake/blindness.
I think this is the most recently discovered mass extinction. Their paper was published 7 Nov 2022.
**Scientists Discovered a Surprise 6th Mass Extinction, Which Came Before the Big 5**
Could it happen again?
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-Researchers have gone back in time to find an extinction event that predates all other known events of their kind.
-The extinction event, which occurred during the Ediacaran Period roughly 550 million years ago, likely came from a drop in oxygen levels.
-Environmental factors have led the other five main extinction events in Earth’s history.
https://www.popularmechanics.com/science/environment/a43920339/scientists-discovered-surprise-first-mass-extinction/
That makes 3 newly discovered or first published paper within the last 5 years. There’s one where the evidence is found in Africa & it’s a rare Icehouse mass extinction - most of them are global warming hothouse from volcanic traps burning buried carbon & emitting loads of GHG’s. That seems to be what starts the mass extinction ball rolling with nastier things, like a Canfield ocean, later on. If they find more new ones it won’t surprise me.
October 25th, 2023
Thanks
October 27th, 2023
Thanks Mojo! Sounds fascinating!
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